Employing social vulnerability index to assess household social vulnerability of natural hazards: an evidence from southwest coastal Bangladesh

Anjum Tasnuva (), Md. Riad Hossain, Roquia Salam, Abu Reza Md. Towfiqul Islam (), Muhammad Mainuddin Patwary and Sobhy M. Ibrahim
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Anjum Tasnuva: Khulna University of Engineering and Technology
Md. Riad Hossain: Khulna University of Engineering and Technology
Roquia Salam: Begum Rokeya University
Abu Reza Md. Towfiqul Islam: Begum Rokeya University
Muhammad Mainuddin Patwary: Khulna University
Sobhy M. Ibrahim: King Saud University

Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, 2021, vol. 23, issue 7, No 28, 10223-10245

Abstract: Abstract Vulnerability to hazards not only relies on the extent of natural hazards but also depends on the social and economic conditions of the communities. Therefore, this study intends to construct a household-level social vulnerability at the microscale in the nine wards of Chalna Municipality (CM), Dacope upazila, in southwest coastal Bangladesh by employing the social vulnerability index (SoVI). We surveyed 30 households from each ward to collect data on 33 vulnerability indicators. Of these, seven indicators were extracted by principal component analysis (PCA), which explained 96.34% of the total variance. The PCA results indicate that high population density, poor economic condition, the presence of vulnerable groups, unstable income generating sources, unplanned urban and poor infrastructure, lack of services, and lack of adequate sewage systems are the key drivers of social vulnerability of the CM. The SoVI score was generated using seven PCA outcomes for the respective wards. Results revealed that 44.45% of the areas are medium–high to high (wards 2, 4, 5, and 6) vulnerable. The highest level of social vulnerability was distributed in ward 5, while ward 8 was identified as the least vulnerable. About 33.33% of the CM was found as medium vulnerable areas (wards 1, 7, and 9). Ward 3 was categorized as a low–medium vulnerable area. The findings of the study will provide useful information for decision-makers and disaster managers to develop sustainable disaster management plans for coastal Bangladesh to reduce social vulnerability as well as to decrease the impacts of natural disasters.

Keywords: Social vulnerability index; Principal component analysis; Chalna Municipality; Social vulnerability; Coastal Bangladesh (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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DOI: 10.1007/s10668-020-01054-9

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