Mathematical modeling and optimal control of carbon dioxide emissions from energy sector

Maitri Verma (), Alok Kumar Verma () and A. K. Misra ()
Additional contact information
Maitri Verma: Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University
Alok Kumar Verma: Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University
A. K. Misra: Banaras Hindu University

Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, 2021, vol. 23, issue 9, No 57, 13919-13944

Abstract: Abstract Energy demand is rising day by day and will continue to increase to meet the demand of the growing population. A major portion of global energy production comes from fossil fuel burning, resulting in the increase in the atmospheric burden of global warming gas carbon dioxide ( $$CO _{2}$$ C O 2 ). Cutting down $$CO _{2}$$ C O 2 emission from the energy sector is crucial to meet the climate change mitigation target. This paper is focused on fulfilling two objectives: The first objective is to present a mathematical model that captures the dynamical relationship between the human population, energy use, and atmospheric carbon dioxide, and the second aim is to derive a mathematical framework to effectively utilize the available mitigation options to curtail $$CO _{2}$$ C O 2 emission from energy use by proposing an optimal control problem. The mitigation options that reduce the $$CO _{2}$$ C O 2 emission rate from energy production, as well as the options that reduce the energy consumption rate, are considered in the modeling process. The proposed mathematical model is analyzed qualitatively to comprehend the system’s long-term behavior. The model parameters are fitted to real data of global energy use, population, and $$CO _{2}$$ C O 2 concentration. It is shown that the equilibrium level of $$CO _{2}$$ C O 2 reduces with the increase in the efficiencies of mitigation options to reduce the $$CO _{2}$$ C O 2 emission rate per unit energy use and energy consumption rate. The optimality system is derived analytically by taking the efficiencies of the mitigation options to reduce the $$CO _{2}$$ C O 2 emission rate and energy consumption rate as control variables. Numerical simulations are conducted to validate the theoretical findings and identify the optimal profiles of control variables under different settings of $$CO _{2}$$ C O 2 emission rate, energy consumption rate, and maximum efficiencies of available mitigation options to cut down $$CO _{2}$$ C O 2 emission rate and energy consumption rate. It is found that the development and implementation of more efficient mitigation options and switching to low carbon energy sources bring reduction in the mitigation cost.

Keywords: Mathematical model; Energy use; Atmospheric carbon dioxide; Climate change mitigation; Optimal control (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (5)

Downloads: (external link)
http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10668-021-01245-y Abstract (text/html)
Access to the full text of the articles in this series is restricted.

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:spr:endesu:v:23:y:2021:i:9:d:10.1007_s10668-021-01245-y

Ordering information: This journal article can be ordered from
http://www.springer.com/economics/journal/10668

DOI: 10.1007/s10668-021-01245-y

Access Statistics for this article

Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development is currently edited by Luc Hens

More articles in Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development from Springer
Bibliographic data for series maintained by Sonal Shukla () and Springer Nature Abstracting and Indexing ().