Enzymatic hydrolysis of structurally upgraded lignocellulosic biomass with the aid of humic acid: a case study in a membrane integrated bioreactor

R. Uma Maheswari, Krishnaraj Thirugnanasambantham, Ayan Mondal, Gopinath Halder () and Jaya Sikder ()
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R. Uma Maheswari: National Institute of Technology Durgapur
Krishnaraj Thirugnanasambantham: Pondicherry Centre for Biological Science and Educational Trust
Ayan Mondal: National Institute of Technology Durgapur
Gopinath Halder: National Institute of Technology Durgapur
Jaya Sikder: National Institute of Technology Durgapur

Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, 2023, vol. 25, issue 5, No 9, 4033-4064

Abstract: Abstract Substrate accessibility by an enzyme is the rate-limiting step in cellulose digestion. The newly schematized humic acid (HA)-assisted alkali pretreatment was done to delignify and upgrade the bagasse’s characteristics for the pragmatic accessibility of the enzyme. The proposed pretreatment resulted in ~90–100% lignin recovery with distinctive properties. After delignification, the upgraded biomass harnessed as solid support to immobilize the enzyme, ultimately reducing the cost and step for designing physical support for immobilization. HA, an active ligand, with its enriched functional moieties such as carboxyl, carbonyl, hydroxyl, and amide group, bind prior to the substrate (i.e., delignified bagasse) that immobilizes enzyme and hydrolyses cellulose portion. The interaction mechanisms of pretreated bagasse with enzyme were demonstrated through molecular docking using Auto Dock software and UV (Ultraviolet) Spectrophotometric analysis. The pretreatment efficiency was analyzed as a case study in a large-scale reactor by subjecting pretreated bagasse to batch enzymatic hydrolysis with a low enzyme-loading rate of 14 FPU/g of cellulose. Cellulose conversion of 88% (i.e., 20.92 g/L of glucose) was achieved in 48 h, respectively. Subsequently, the flat-sheet cross-flow ultrafiltration (UF) membrane-based continuous recycling unit was operated at a flux of 22.5 L/m2hr toward the purification of glucose (i.e., 15.75 g/L of glucose). The performance of PES10-UF membrane module chaperoning with hydrolysis reactor for the designed hydrolysis scheme was examined in light of critical flux, pure water permeability, and irreversible fouling studies. The flow rate of 300 LPH (L/hr) and the transmembrane membrane pressure (TMP) of 1.5 bar showed high antifouling performance. Graphical abstract

Keywords: Humic acid; Enzyme immobilization; Molecular docking; Enzymatic hydrolysis; Ultrafiltration; Glucose purification (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1007/s10668-022-02233-6

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