A comprehensive review on the recent development of inorganic nano-adsorbents for the removal of heavy metals from water and wastewater

Danial Nayeri and Seyyed Alireza Mousavi ()
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Danial Nayeri: Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences
Seyyed Alireza Mousavi: Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences

Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, 2024, vol. 26, issue 1, No 2, 33-88

Abstract: Abstract Nowadays, the removal of heavy metals (HMs) as one of the major environmental pollutants has become an obvious issue in preserving the environment. Among the suggested approaches, the use of nano-adsorbents has been immensely contributed for the treatment of contaminated water and wastewater by HMs because of their unique physicochemical characteristics. Herein, we are offering a potent view on adsorption mechanism of different inorganic nano-adsorbent classes with special focus on the main characteristics (BET, SEM/FESEM, FTIR, and XRD), reviewing the effects of several operational factors (initial concentration of HMs, adsorbent dosage, contact time, and pH) on the HMs removal. Furthermore, the importance of isotherm-kinetic models has been discussed. Eventually, the negative effects of nanoparticles in environment are exclusively reviewed. This comprehensive review demonstrated that inorganic nano-adsorbents have a crystalline structure with a different diameter size range of 10–80 nm, which can be a promising candidate (high efficiency ˃ 90%) and large surface area for HMs decontamination. The results of the comparison between the isotherm-kinetic models also confirmed that the experimental data were fitted with Langmuir isotherm (R2 ˃ 0.98) and PSO kinetics (R2 ˃ 0.98), respectively.

Keywords: Nano-adsorbents; Heavy metals; Carbon nanotubes; Magnetic nanoparticles; Isotherm and kinetics (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1007/s10668-022-02737-1

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