Modeling and optimization of PAHs contaminated soil remediation using green solvent in a continuous flow by response surface methodology

Masoud Rabieian () and Farhad Qaderi ()
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Masoud Rabieian: Babol Noshirvani University of Technology
Farhad Qaderi: Babol Noshirvani University of Technology

Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, 2024, vol. 26, issue 5, No 46, 12109-12132

Abstract: Abstract PAHs are harmful pollutants, and their remediation from contaminated aquifers is crucial for sustainable development. Soil washing is a common method used for this purpose, where the solubility of PAHs in solution plays a significant role in the efficiency of the process. Ethanol, as an environmentally friendly co-solvent, can enhance the solution’s ability to extract PAHs from contaminated aquifers. In this study, a physical model was used to analyze the effect of variables such as flow rate, ethanol fraction, phenanthrene initial concentration, times of soil washing, and pH on PAHs removal efficiency. Response surface methodology was employed to optimize the physical model. The results showed that increasing the flow rate improved the PAHs removal efficiency and reduced ethanol consumption. The maximum PAHs removal efficiency was achieved at a flow rate of 0.538 L/min, ethanol fraction of 74.74%, phenanthrene initial concentration of 351.007 mg/kg, and 9 times soil washing, with a removal efficiency of 84%. The study has implications for sustainable remediation of PAH-contaminated aquifers using a cost-effective and environmentally friendly approach.

Keywords: Soil remediation; Phenanthrene; Desorption; Response surface methodology; Aquifer (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1007/s10668-023-03684-1

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