Groundwater potential mapping and mineralization assessment in Campo aquifers, Cameroon using AHP and multivariate statistical analysis

Serges Raoul Kouamou Njifen (), Francoise Martine Enyegue A. Nyam (), Donald Hermann Fossi, Marcelin Bi-Alou Bikoro, Anita Ngouokouo Tchikangoua and Charles Tabod Tabod
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Serges Raoul Kouamou Njifen: University of Yaoundé I
Francoise Martine Enyegue A. Nyam: University of Yaoundé I
Donald Hermann Fossi: Institute for Geological and Mining Research (IRGM)
Marcelin Bi-Alou Bikoro: University of Maroua
Anita Ngouokouo Tchikangoua: University of Yaoundé I
Charles Tabod Tabod: University of Yaoundé I

Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, 2024, vol. 26, issue 6, No 97, 16095-16127

Abstract: Abstract Improving the living conditions of campo residents requires access to drinking water. The surface and subsurface factors of a region influence the groundwater potential zones. The main objectives of this paper are to identify suitable groundwater zones for productive drilling and to assess groundwater mineralization in the coastal aquifers of the study area. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) were used in the methodology to generate the groundwater potential map. Lithology, geomorphology, specific capacity, hydraulic conductivity, transmissivity, rainfall, infiltration rate, lineament density, drawdown, static water level, soil thickness, drainage density, slope, and land use/land cover were taken into account to characterize the groundwater potential zones. Weights were assigned to the various parameters and their characteristics according to their impact on groundwater recharge. The groundwater potential map of Campo was classified into four zones namely: very low 783.5 km2 (28.9%), low 835.2 km2 (31.9%), moderate 858.4 km2 (31.7%) and high 199.9 km2 (7.3%). Multivariate statistical analysis was used to understand groundwater mineralization. Two phenomena are responsible for the mineralization of water: a process of interaction between water and rock; and a process of salinization resulting from natural phenomena or anthropic activities. The present study could guide hydrogeological investigations and groundwater resource management planning in the study area.

Keywords: Groundwater; Analytical hierarchy process; Multivariate statistical analysis; Mineralization (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1007/s10668-023-03289-8

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