Simulating the impact of natural and built environment morphology on wind and NO2 concentration caused by traffic in urban valleys

Hadis Allahyari, Esmaeil Salehi (), Lobat Zebardast, Marco Fossa and Hamidreza Jafari
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Hadis Allahyari: University of Tehran
Esmaeil Salehi: University of Tehran
Lobat Zebardast: University of Tehran
Marco Fossa: University of Genoa
Hamidreza Jafari: University of Tehran

Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, 2025, vol. 27, issue 3, No 73, 7545-7568

Abstract: Abstract The morphology of urban valleys influences the concentration of traffic-related pollutants such as NO2. Farahzad valley in Tehran was selected for this study. Due to the different topography, this valley was divided into three regions. Subsequently, these three areas were modeled using data from Mehrabad meteorological station and Tehran city annual traffic data in ENVI-MET software for two days (April 1 and June 3, 2021). Comparison of the results of this modeling for 8 h on these two days showed that NO2 concentrations decreased with increasing topography in different areas of the valley. On this basis, six scenarios (S1: Doubling the height of buildings, S2: Planting tall trees with low(leaf area density) LAD around streets and highways, S3: Planting tall trees with low LAD and high LAD around streets and highways, S4: Plant trees with high LAD at equal spacing around the valley to increase depth, S5: Plant trees with low LAD at equal spacing around the valley to increase depth, S6: Plant trees with low LAD at equal spacing around the valley and doubling the height of buildings) were designed. The results of scenarios showed that the closer the valleys are to highways and roads, the lower the NO2 concentration. Therefore, urban valleys play a very effective role in increasing the sustainability of cities.

Keywords: Urban valley; Urban morphology; Tehran; Leaf area density (LAD); Wind speed (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1007/s10668-023-04204-x

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