Spatio-temporal variability analysis of evapotranspiration, water use efficiency and net primary productivity in the semi-arid region of Aravalli and Siwalik range, India

Shubham Kumar (), Ritesh Kumar (), Manoj Kumar (), Alok Kumar Pandey (), Prashant K. Srivastava (), Sanchit Kumar (), Varun Narayan Mishra () and V. S. Arya ()
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Shubham Kumar: Central University of Rajasthan
Ritesh Kumar: Haryana Space Applications Centre, Govt. of Haryana
Manoj Kumar: Central University of Haryana
Alok Kumar Pandey: University of Leeds
Prashant K. Srivastava: Banaras Hindu University
Sanchit Kumar: Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines)
Varun Narayan Mishra: Amity University
V. S. Arya: Haryana Space Applications Centre, Govt. of Haryana

Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, 2025, vol. 27, issue 3, No 87, 7897-7918

Abstract: Abstract Sustainable and effective water use management is a global challenge for optimum productivity for all types of vegetation cover. Evapotranspiration (ET) is one of the key components determining the soil moisture conditions ensuring the water availability for vegetation in an area. The present study provides a strong basis for existing water conditions in the study area using evapotranspiration as an important tool. There is a large variability in evapotranspiration during the different months of the year 2022–23 as well as over a long period of study ranging from the year 2001 to 2022. Water use efficiency in the study area is 0.32 g C/kg H2O which is less than half that of China and USA. The study showed an increasing trend of net primary productivity (NPP) and water use efficiency (WUE) during 2001–22. The comparatively lower WUE and NPP in comparison with global average are of great concern for a semi-arid region, which is also India’s leading agricultural producer state.

Keywords: Remote sensing; Evapotranspiration; Water use efficiency; Land cover; Crop water stress index; MOD16 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1007/s10668-023-04228-3

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