Formulation and characterization of eco-friendly Mahua and Linseed oil-based nanolubricants by incorporating h-BN nano-additives

Himanshu Shekhar Gupta (), Rakesh Sehgal () and Mohammad Farooq Wani ()
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Himanshu Shekhar Gupta: National Institute of Technology, Srinagar
Rakesh Sehgal: National Institute of Technology, Srinagar
Mohammad Farooq Wani: National Institute of Technology, Srinagar

Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, 2025, vol. 27, issue 8, No 51, 19169-19189

Abstract: Abstract By introducing h-BN nanoparticles as eco-friendly lubricant additives, the rheological (viscosity, shear stress) and tribological (anti-wear, anti-friction) properties of Mahua oil and Linseed oil were examined in this research investigation. The concentration of h-BN nano-additives was taken as 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1 wt% and separately dispersed in MO and LO via ultrasonication and magnetic stirrer process. The rheological and tribological characterization of formulated nanolubricants was carried out using a rheometer (MCR-102) and four-ball tribo-tester. The worn-out surface of the tribo-pair (balls) was characterized by using a high-end optical microscope and FE-SEM. Though the dynamic viscosity of MO was higher than LO, the addition of h-BN NPs in both the bio-lubricants exhibited Newtonian flow at temperatures 40 °C and 100 °C. The base-MO exhibits superior anti-wear characteristics than base-LO and the AWSD of MO was 34.5% lower than the AWSD of base-LO. The incorporation of h-BN nano-additives in MO and LO drastically improves the anti-wear and anti-friction capabilities. In contrast to base oil without nano-additives, the highest minimization in AWSD was 25.3% in MO and 20.2% in LO at an optimal concentration of 0.25 wt% h-BN NPs. The highest reduction in COF was 96.27% in MO and 18.66% in LO at an optimal concentration of h-BN NPs 0.25 wt% in comparison to the base MO and LO without h-BN nano-additives. The measured frictional torque exhibited remarkable stability within the nanolubricants during the experimental observations. The FESEM investigation of the wear scar surface confirmed that the addition of 0.25 wt% h-BN NPs in MO improved the surface morphology, resulting in a significantly smoother appearance and the absence of deep abrasive marks. Nano-h-BN with MO and LO could be considered superior anti-wear and friction modifier eco-friendly nano-additives for sustainable development.

Keywords: Rheology; Tribology; Eco-friendly; Mahua oil; Linseed oil; Sustainability (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1007/s10668-024-04738-8

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