Effect of annealing on antibacterial activity of ZnO nanocapsules prepared by green-synthesized method

V. Sabari, L. Saravanan (), N. Kanagathara, M. Gomathi, S. Santhosh and B. Praveena
Additional contact information
V. Sabari: Marudhar Kesari Jain College for Women (Autonomous)
L. Saravanan: Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS)
N. Kanagathara: Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS)
M. Gomathi: Marudhar Kesari Jain College for Women (Autonomous) Vaniyambadi
S. Santhosh: Government College of Engineering
B. Praveena: Pachaiyappa’s College

The European Physical Journal B: Condensed Matter and Complex Systems, 2025, vol. 98, issue 9, 1-10

Abstract: Abstract The zinc oxide nanocapsules were synthesized via green-synthesis method using Eucalyptus globulus labill leaf extract under optimized condition. The ZnO samples obtained from green synthesis were separately annealed at 200 °C, 400 °C, and 600 °C and the three samples were subjected into crystal structure, morphological, optical and anti-bacterial activity analyses and the results were reported. Powder X-ray diffraction patterns confirmed that all synthesized samples are crystalline in nature and crystallized into a hexagonal wurtzite structure with minimum crystallite size of 12 nm for ZnO-200 °C sample, calculated using Debye–Scherrer for (101) peak. The additional peaks in the XRD pattern for the sample annealed at 600 °C due to the oxygen vacancies. Raman spectra also confirmed that the active modes matched with the hexagonal wurtzite crystal structure of ZnO. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) images showed that the samples have capsule-like morphology with unique length and thickness. The optical properties of samples were studied using UV–visible diffuse reflectance spectrum which confirmed all the samples showed wide band gap. Photoluminescence spectroscopy is used to identify the defects present in the samples and types of recombination occur in the samples. The antibacterial properties of zinc oxide nanocapsules were assessed against Gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiella pneumoniae). ZnO-200 °C sample showed higher antibacterial activity for all gram negative and positive bacteria compared to all other samples except Gram-negative Pseudomonas bacteria. The ZnO-400 °C sample showed the higher inhibition zone (2.5 cm) against the Gram-negative bacteria Pseudomonas. Graphical abstract

Date: 2025
References: Add references at CitEc
Citations:

Downloads: (external link)
http://link.springer.com/10.1140/epjb/s10051-025-01037-7 Abstract (text/html)
Access to the full text of the articles in this series is restricted.

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:spr:eurphb:v:98:y:2025:i:9:d:10.1140_epjb_s10051-025-01037-7

Ordering information: This journal article can be ordered from
http://www.springer.com/economics/journal/10051

DOI: 10.1140/epjb/s10051-025-01037-7

Access Statistics for this article

The European Physical Journal B: Condensed Matter and Complex Systems is currently edited by P. Hänggi and Angel Rubio

More articles in The European Physical Journal B: Condensed Matter and Complex Systems from Springer, EDP Sciences
Bibliographic data for series maintained by Sonal Shukla () and Springer Nature Abstracting and Indexing ().