Co2MnGe ferromagnetic Heusler alloys: magnetic characteristics and hysteretic behavior by mean field theory

A. Elhani, A. Lafhal (), T. Mouhrach, E. B. Choubabi and M. El Bouziani
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A. Elhani: Chouaib Doukkali University
A. Lafhal: Chouaib Doukkali University
T. Mouhrach: Chouaib Doukkali University
E. B. Choubabi: Chouaib Doukkali University
M. El Bouziani: Chouaib Doukkali University

The European Physical Journal B: Condensed Matter and Complex Systems, 2025, vol. 98, issue 9, 1-17

Abstract: Abstract In this study, we have successfully explored the magnetic properties and hysteresis behavior of the Heusler compound Co₂MnGe. To this end, the material was modeled as a mixed-spin ferromagnetic Ising system (5/2, 2) and the analysis was conducted using the mean-field approximation, based on the Gibbs-Bogoliubov inequality applied to the free energy. We examined the effect of various physical parameters, including exchange interactions, crystalline anisotropies, external magnetic field and temperature on the overall magnetic and hysteretic behavior of the system. The theoretical model highlighted the existence of both first- and second-order phase transitions, as well as the high sensitivity of hysteresis loops to variations in these parameters. Remarkable phenomena were also observed, such as the multiplicity of saturation values for ground-state magnetization and the formation of complex hysteresis loops. Finally, the results obtained are broadly in line with those reported in the literature, attesting to the relevance of this approach to the analysis of the magnetic properties of Heusler alloys. Graphical abstract The structure of Co2MnGe, often known as the L21 structure, is a member of space group 225 (Fm−3m)

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1140/epjb/s10051-025-01047-5

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