Occupational Segregation in the Indian Labor Market: A Socio-religious Perspective

Kashif Mansoor () and Vinoj Abraham
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Kashif Mansoor: Centre for Development Studies

The Indian Journal of Labour Economics, 2021, vol. 64, issue 1, No 4, 73-99

Abstract: Abstract This paper is an attempt to understand the occupational segregation among socio-religious groups in India. Using Employment and Unemployment Survey 2011–2012, the paper builds index of dissimilarity and Hutchens square root index to measure the segregation. The paper has found that segregation in general is higher in urban areas than in rural areas and among females than males. The highest segregation is, however, recorded between Hindu STs/SCs and Muslim OBC in urban areas, followed by Hindu others and Muslim others. The value of segregation index is the least in the case of Muslim OBC and Muslim others, confirming the almost similar pattern of occupations between them. Regular employment seems to emerge as driver of occupational segregation for males, while both regular employment and self-employment drive segregation among females. On the other hand, rising education levels raise segregation among males of all socio-religious groups. We also found that Muslim-populous states have low segregation, while Muslim-sparse states have high segregation between Hindu and Muslim. The occupations in which Muslims and Hindu STs/SCs are concentrated, have poor indicators of work decency.

Keywords: Muslim; Occupational segregation; Education; Regular employment (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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DOI: 10.1007/s41027-021-00302-4

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