Smokeless tobacco use in pregnancy: an integrative review of the literature

Angela Ratsch () and Fiona Bogossian

International Journal of Public Health, 2014, vol. 59, issue 4, 599-608

Abstract: Many studies lacked sufficient power to estimate precise risks. Most reports were hindered by imprecise measures of exposure and lack of confounding variable control. However, there were indications that maternal smokeless tobacco use increases rates of stillbirth, low birth weight and alters the male:female live birth ratio. Maternal smokeless tobacco use may not be safe for mother or foetus. Copyright Swiss School of Public Health 2014

Keywords: Smokeless tobacco; Pregnancy; Maternal outcomes; Perinatal outcomes (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2014
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DOI: 10.1007/s00038-014-0558-6

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