The association of unemployment with glucose metabolism: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Tuulia Varanka-Ruuska (), Nina Rautio, Heli Lehtiniemi, Jouko Miettunen, Sirkka Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi, Sylvain Sebert and Leena Ala-Mursula
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Tuulia Varanka-Ruuska: University of Oulu
Nina Rautio: University of Oulu
Heli Lehtiniemi: University of Oulu
Jouko Miettunen: University of Oulu
Sirkka Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi: University of Oulu
Sylvain Sebert: University of Oulu
Leena Ala-Mursula: University of Oulu

International Journal of Public Health, 2018, vol. 63, issue 4, No 3, 435-446

Abstract: Abstract Objectives Unemployment has been linked with poor health. We hypothesized that being unemployed is associated with disorders of glucose metabolism and performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature to ascertain the relationship. Methods We searched the databases of Scopus, Medline Ovid and Web of Science for population-based original studies for past 20 years. Random effects meta-analyses were used to estimate odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for prediabetes and type 2 diabetes among the unemployed as compared to those employed, separately for men and women when possible. Results Out of 981 articles found, 12 articles were included in the systematic review and eight articles in the meta-analyses. Unemployment was associated with 1.6-fold odds for prediabetes (OR 1.58; 95% CI 1.07–2.35), and 1.7-fold odds for type 2 diabetes (OR 1.72; 95% CI 1.14–2.58) in the total sample. The corresponding associations for type 2 diabetes were also found stratified for men (OR 1.53; 95% CI 1.47–1.60) and women (OR 1.60; 95% CI 1.33–1.92). Conclusions Unemployment is associated with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes, global concerns of public health with potential for prevention.

Keywords: Unemployment; Glucose metabolism; Prediabetes; Type 2 diabetes; Systematic review; Meta-analysis (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2018
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DOI: 10.1007/s00038-017-1040-z

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