From education to democracy: evidence from long-run time-varying estimates

Nicholas Apergis () and James Payne

International Review of Economics, 2017, vol. 64, issue 4, No 1, 313-325

Abstract: Abstract This study reinvestigates the hypothesis that education is expected to have a positive and statistically significant effect on democracy for a panel of 169 countries over the period 1990–2014. Unlike previous studies, we employ the time-varying cointegration approach of Bierens and Martins (Econom Theory 26:1453–1490, 2010) to show the time-varying coefficient associated with education has a positive impact on democracy. Further examination of the countries by income classification reveals that education has a positive and increasing impact on democracy with the greatest impact in low-income countries.

Keywords: Democracy; Education; Time-varying cointegration (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: C33 I21 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2017
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DOI: 10.1007/s12232-017-0273-8

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