Sentiment analysis of code-mixed Telugu–English text using transformers

Upendar Rao Rayala () and Karthick Seshadri
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Upendar Rao Rayala: National Institute of Technology Andhra Pradesh
Karthick Seshadri: National Institute of Technology Andhra Pradesh

Journal of Computational Social Science, 2026, vol. 9, issue 1, No 2, 23 pages

Abstract: Abstract Code-mixing is a prevalent occurrence in cross-linguistic environments, where conversations frequently incorporate multiple languages. Users of online social media platforms, discussion forums, and subject experts who maintain different community channels and subscribers to these community channels typically express their opinions in a code-mixed language. Since code-mixed scenarios do not impose restrictions on language usage, analyzing code-mixed data poses a considerable challenge. This research focuses on sentiment analysis of Telugu–English code-mixed text utilizing transformer-based models. The transformer models demonstrated enhanced performance over other state-of-the-art baseline models on a Telugu–English code-mixed dataset, achieving a 6% higher accuracy and a 9% improvement in F1-score on the CMTE-IIITH dataset, and a 5% enhancement in accuracy and a 6% boost in F1-score on the CMTE-NITANP dataset.

Keywords: Code-mixing; Sentiment analysis; Transformers; Low-resource languages; Natural language processing (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2026
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DOI: 10.1007/s42001-025-00434-3

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