Profile Membership of Self-Worth Contingencies Predicts Well-being, Virtues, and Values

Elizabeth M. Bounds (), Juliette L. Ratchford and Sarah A. Schnitker
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Elizabeth M. Bounds: Baylor University
Juliette L. Ratchford: Wake Forest University
Sarah A. Schnitker: Baylor University

Journal of Happiness Studies, 2024, vol. 25, issue 4, No 9, 30 pages

Abstract: Abstract Historically, researchers have conceptualized self-esteem as global self-evaluation; recently, others have suggested that people are selective about what affects their self-worth. Two studies (N = 1,032) used a person-centered approach to examine how six domains of self-worth contingency associate with well-being, virtue, and value outcomes. Latent profile analyses indicated five distinct profiles. Non-contingents (lowest contingency in all domains) reported good well-being outcomes, low self-transcendence and self-enhancement values, and gave the least in a behavioral measure of generosity. Moral Contingents (high contingency in a moral domain; low contingency in other domains) reported the greatest well-being, purpose/meaning, performance virtues, and prosocial virtues, and high self-transcendence and low self-enhancement values. High Contingents (highest contingency in all domains) reported the worst well-being, second-highest others-focused compassion, and high self-transcendence and self-enhancement values. Medium Contingents (moderate contingency in all domains) reported the second-worst ill-being, second-highest purpose, second-highest performance and prosocial virtues, and high self-transcendent and self-enhancement values. Low Contingents (low contingency in all domains) reported the lowest purpose and basic needs satisfaction, and high self-enhancement and low self-transcendent values. Implications for optimal self-esteem and values are discussed.

Keywords: Contingent self-worth; Self-esteem; Virtues; Values; Latent profile analysis (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1007/s10902-024-00758-3

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