Assessing the Impacts of Eco-innovations, Economic Growth, Urbanization on Ecological Footprints in G-11: Exploring the Sustainable Development Policy Options

Usman Mehmood ()
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Usman Mehmood: Bahçeşehir Cyprus University

Journal of the Knowledge Economy, 2024, vol. 15, issue 4, No 49, 16849-16867

Abstract: Abstract G-11 countries are getting rapid economic growth with unsustainable eco-system. Despite the commitments, these countries remain unable to improve their environment from degradation. Therefore, the current study aims to explore the effects of eco-innovations (ECO), sub-indices of globalization, economic growth (GDP), and urbanization (URB) on ecological footprints (EF). The annual data of 1990–2020 is utilized to apply the cross-sectional autoregressive distributed lag approach and validates the environmental Kuznets curve in the group of eleven nations (G-11). URB and GDP are not environmentally friendly. Economic globalization (EC), social globalization (SG), and political globalization (PG) are suitable for these countries. The interactional term of urbanization and eco-innovations is environmentally friendly. These findings present some important policy implications for G-11 countries. By integrating eco-innovations and urbanization processes with enhanced research and development expenditures, these countries can grow sustainably.

Keywords: Economic globalization; Eco-innovations; Urbanization; CS-ARDL; Ecological footprints; G-11 countries (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1007/s13132-024-01759-6

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