The impact of police violence on migration: evidence from Venezuela

Federico Maggio () and Carlo Caporali ()
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Federico Maggio: Free University of Bozen
Carlo Caporali: Gran Sasso Science Institute

Journal of Population Economics, 2024, vol. 37, issue 1, No 24, 27 pages

Abstract: Abstract This study unveils the causal effect of authoritative violence on individuals’ likelihood to migrate. Specifically, we examine the migration patterns of Venezuelans during the 2017–2018 political and economic crisis. We draw insights from regional-level data on civilian casualties caused by security forces, along with information extracted from the ENCOVI-2018 survey data that captures migration flows. The estimates rely on travel time from the capital city as an instrumental variable and are robust to the inclusion of several household- and socio-economic regional-level characteristics. The findings strongly suggest that authoritative violence is a significant non-economic push factor for international migration. Moreover, additional evidence indicates that this type of violence influences the skill composition of migrants, especially in the context of South-to-South migration flows.

Keywords: Venezuela; Police Militarization; Violence; Migration; Crisis (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: F22 O15 R23 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1007/s00148-024-00997-x

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