Analysis of the time-varying Cox model for the cause-specific hazard functions with missing causes

Fei Heng, Yanqing Sun (), Seunggeun Hyun and Peter B. Gilbert
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Fei Heng: University of North Florida
Yanqing Sun: University of North Carolina at Charlotte
Seunggeun Hyun: University of South Carolina Upstate
Peter B. Gilbert: University of Washington and Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center Seattle

Lifetime Data Analysis: An International Journal Devoted to Statistical Methods and Applications for Time-to-Event Data, 2020, vol. 26, issue 4, No 5, 760 pages

Abstract: Abstract This paper studies the Cox model with time-varying coefficients for cause-specific hazard functions when the causes of failure are subject to missingness. Inverse probability weighted and augmented inverse probability weighted estimators are investigated. The latter is considered as a two-stage estimator by directly utilizing the inverse probability weighted estimator and through modeling available auxiliary variables to improve efficiency. The asymptotic properties of the two estimators are investigated. Hypothesis testing procedures are developed to test the null hypotheses that the covariate effects are zero and that the covariate effects are constant. We conduct simulation studies to examine the finite sample properties of the proposed estimation and hypothesis testing procedures under various settings of the auxiliary variables and the percentages of the failure causes that are missing. These simulation results demonstrate that the augmented inverse probability weighted estimators are more efficient than the inverse probability weighted estimators and that the proposed testing procedures have the expected satisfactory results in sizes and powers. The proposed methods are illustrated using the Mashi clinical trial data for investigating the effect of randomization to formula-feeding versus breastfeeding plus extended infant zidovudine prophylaxis on death due to mother-to-child HIV transmission in Botswana.

Keywords: Augmented inverse probability weighted estimator; Auxiliary variables; Cause-specific hazard function; Competing risks model; Hypothesis testing procedures; Missing causes of failure; Inverse probability weighted estimator; Cox model with time-dependent coefficients; Two-stage augmented inverse probability weighted estimator (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
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DOI: 10.1007/s10985-020-09497-y

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