From alert to action: earthquake early warning and deaf communities

Audrey C. Cooper (), Michele L. Cooke, Kota Takayama, Danielle F. Sumy and Sara McBride
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Audrey C. Cooper: Gallaudet University
Michele L. Cooke: University of Massachusetts, Amherst
Kota Takayama: Gallaudet University
Danielle F. Sumy: National Science Foundation
Sara McBride: U.S. Geological Survey - Geologic Hazards Science Center

Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, 2024, vol. 120, issue 14, No 41, 13573-13594

Abstract: Abstract Earthquake early warning (EEW) alerts may give people valuable seconds to take protective action, such as drop, cover and hold on, before earthquake shaking starts. In order for individuals to take protective action, they need to receive the alert, understand the alert message, and have enough contextual knowledge to take appropriate protective action. Deaf and hard of hearing (DHH+) persons do not have equitable access to earthquake information, warning systems, training, and participation in disaster decision-making at all levels. Despite international policies for emergency alerts to be accessible to people with disabilities, there are no research publications that specifically address the effectiveness of EEW alerts for DHH+ communities. Missed notifications and misunderstandings about elements of the EEW alert message can delay the response time of DHH+ persons. Furthermore, unequal access to earthquake drills and preparedness information can leave DHH+ persons with insufficient context to take protective action when receiving alerts. The existing gaps in effectiveness of the EEW alerts stem from language inequities for DHH+ persons in our schools, workplaces and families, which we analyze by applying linguistic anthropological and sociolinguistic frameworks to examine the nexus of DHH+ communities’ languages and EEW messaging. To advance language equity in EEW alerting, inclusion of DHH+ communities can improve messaging and reduce misunderstandings so that DHH+ persons can quickly take protective action when they receive an alert.

Keywords: Early earthquake warning; Inclusive emergency communication; Deaf and hard of hearing communities; Language equity (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1007/s11069-024-06719-6

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