Assessment of pluvial flood events based on monitoring and modeling of an old urban storm drainage in the city center of Yangon, Myanmar

Aung Khaing Min and Takashi Tashiro ()
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Aung Khaing Min: Ministry of Construction, Republic of the Union of Myanmar
Takashi Tashiro: Nagoya University, Tokai Higher Education and Research System

Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, 2024, vol. 120, issue 9, No 32, 8892 pages

Abstract: Abstract Pluvial flooding is a critical issue in cities worldwide, particularly in lowland areas with old and deteriorating drainage systems. The primary driver of pluvial flooding is extreme rainfall; other drivers include urbanization, inadequate drainage systems, improper solid-waste management, and the tidal backwater effect. However, the interplay between these drivers makes predicting pluvial floods difficult and complex. Previous studies in developing countries seldom used water-level data or simulation modeling to identify the causes of pluvial flooding. In this study, rainfall data and water-level variations in an open channel drain and a receiving river controlled by sluice gates were collected and evaluated in detail to investigate pluvial flooding events. To predict these events, we generated a hydrodynamic model using InfoWorks ICM and verified its results using water logger data and official field reports. Analysis shows that drainage-system failures due to solid blockage and receiving water-level variation contribute more to pluvial flood occurrence than heavy rainfall. Lastly, we discuss measures to mitigate pluvial flooding in Yangon, Myanmar. The proposed monitoring and modeling approach can suitably predict pluvial flooding occurrence and provide useful quantitative data for flood risk management.

Keywords: Pluvial flooding; Old storm drainage system; Tidal backwater effect; Monitoring; Central Yangon of Myanmar; InfoWorks ICM (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1007/s11069-024-06555-8

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