Statistical analysis of the relationship between catchment morphometric parameters and debris-flow-triggering rainfall intensity

Jing-kan Huo, Zhen-lei Wei (), Xiao-jian Wang and Jie Yang
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Jing-kan Huo: Chengdu University of Technology
Zhen-lei Wei: Chengdu University of Technology
Xiao-jian Wang: Chengdu University of Technology
Jie Yang: Chengdu University of Technology

Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, 2025, vol. 121, issue 14, No 11, 16407-16430

Abstract: Abstract The morphometric characteristics of a watershed play a crucial role in debris-flow initiation and provide key insights into the required triggering rainfall intensity. Despite this significance, limited research has examined how these topographic attributes influence rainfall thresholds. Focusing on the Wenchuan earthquake zone, this study employs statistical methods to analyze the relationship between watershed morphometry-including area, relief, relief ratio, channel gradient, and Melton index-and debris-flow triggering rainfall intensity. Results reveal that susceptible basins in this region exhibit greater areal extent and longitudinal dimensions compared to global counterparts, yet display lower Melton indices and gentler channel slopes. These findings imply that seismic activity modified debris-flow initiation conditions, as abundant loose material now requires reduced gravitational potential for mobilization. Watershed shape characteristics (catchment area) demonstrate a weak Gaussian correlation with triggering rainfall intensity, whereas slope-related features (channel gradient and Melton index) exhibit an inverse logarithmic relationship. Of all parameters analyzed, channel gradient and Melton index show the strongest association with triggering rainfall intensity. This research advances our comprehension of debris-flow triggering rainfall intensity and supports more accurate susceptibility evaluations in earthquake-affected regions.

Keywords: Debris flows; Rainfall conditions; Morphometric parameters; Wenchuan earthquake (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1007/s11069-025-07434-6

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