Evaluating the effect of different bi-directional earthquake parameters on the dynamic behavior of the Wharf

Ata Abdollahzadeh, Navid Hadiani (), Amirhossein Eghbali and Maryam Haghbin
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Ata Abdollahzadeh: Islamic Azad University
Navid Hadiani: Islamic Azad University
Amirhossein Eghbali: Islamic Azad University
Maryam Haghbin: Islamic Azad University

Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, 2025, vol. 121, issue 7, No 45, 8899-8925

Abstract: Abstract A wharf is typically constructed as an engineering structure for loading and unloading goods. This structure may be built on weak layers of sand and gravel, depending on the beach conditions. In this way, if a wharf is poorly designed or experiences a rupture, all activities at the site might be halted for a significant period, potentially causing damage to nearby facilities. For this reason, it is of great importance to evaluate the behavior of coastal structures against rupture factors, such as earthquakes and their liquefaction effects. Generally, numerical methods are used to analyze the performance of wharves against liquefaction. This article aims to simulate liquefaction in the soil around the wharf by applying the capabilities of FLAC3D software to analyze nonlinear effective stress and generate excess pore water pressure in a continuous soil environment. The simulation was conducted using the P2PSand behavioral model, a multi-directional model, under bidirectional earthquake loading. Subsequently, the effect of various earthquake parameters on wharf behavior was investigated to extract results for excess pore water pressure, horizontal displacement, soil settlement, and bending moments of piles. Further, an attempt was made to assess the correlation of these parameters with different earthquake factors. Earthquake intensity measures are crucial in the probabilistic seismic demand assessment of various structures. Thus, this study seeks to investigate determinant indicators such as efficiency, practicality, proficiency, and sufficiency in relation to earthquake magnitude and the distance from the center of earthquake propagation to evaluate the quality of earthquake intensity measures. The results indicated good agreement between earthquake CAV parameters and response parameters.

Keywords: Wharf; Liquefaction; Dynamic analysis; Bidirectional loading (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1007/s11069-025-07115-4

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