Can We Make Health Economic Decision Models as Simple as Possible, But Not Simpler? Introducing SMART tool

Teebah Abu-Zahra (), Sabine E. Grimm, Mirre Scholte and Manuela Joore
Additional contact information
Teebah Abu-Zahra: Maastricht University Medical Centre
Sabine E. Grimm: Maastricht University Medical Centre
Mirre Scholte: Radboud UMC
Manuela Joore: Maastricht University Medical Centre

PharmacoEconomics, 2025, vol. 43, issue 10, No 6, 1235-1250

Abstract: Abstract Background Developing health economic decision-analytic models requires making modelling choices to simplify reality while addressing the decision context. Finding the right balance between a decision-analytic model’s simplicity and its adequacy is important but can be challenging. Objective We aimed to develop a tool that supports the systematic reporting and justification of modelling choices in a decision-analytic model, ensuring it is adequate and only as complex as necessary for addressing the decision context. Methods We identified decision-analytic model features from the key literature and our expertise. For each feature, we defined both simple and complex modelling choices that could be selected, and the consequences of simplifying a feature contrary to requirements of the decision context. Next, we designed the tool and assessed its clarity and completeness through interviews and expert workshops. To ensure consistency of use, we developed a glossary sheet and applied the tool in an illustrative case: a decision-analytic model on a repurposed drug for treatment-resistant hypertension. Results We conducted five interviews and two workshops with 18 decision-analytic model experts. The developed SMART (Systematic Model adequacy Assessment and Reporting Tool) consists of a framework of 28 model features, allowing users to select modelling choices per feature, then assessing the consequences of their choices for validity and transparency. SMART also includes a glossary sheet. The treatment resistant hypertension case example is provided separately. Conclusions SMART supports decision-analytic model development and assessment, by promoting clear reporting and justification of modelling choices, and highlighting their consequences for model validity and transparency. Thoughtful and well-justified modelling choices can help optimise the use of resources and time for model development, while ensuring the model is adequate to support decision making.

Date: 2025
References: Add references at CitEc
Citations:

Downloads: (external link)
http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s40273-025-01515-x Abstract (text/html)
Access to the full text of the articles in this series is restricted.

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:spr:pharme:v:43:y:2025:i:10:d:10.1007_s40273-025-01515-x

Ordering information: This journal article can be ordered from
http://www.springer.com/economics/journal/40273

DOI: 10.1007/s40273-025-01515-x

Access Statistics for this article

PharmacoEconomics is currently edited by Timothy Wrightson and Christopher I. Carswell

More articles in PharmacoEconomics from Springer
Bibliographic data for series maintained by Sonal Shukla () and Springer Nature Abstracting and Indexing ().