Comparison of EQ-5D-Y-3L Utility Scores Using Nine Country-Specific Value Sets in Chinese Adolescents

Ya’nan Wu (), Yanjiao Xu (), Zhao Shi (), Junchao Feng (), Zhihao Yang (), Zhuxin Mao (), Lei Dou () and Shunping Li ()
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Ya’nan Wu: Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University
Yanjiao Xu: Affiliated Eye Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
Zhao Shi: Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University
Junchao Feng: Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University
Zhihao Yang: Guizhou Medical University
Zhuxin Mao: University of Antwerp
Lei Dou: Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University
Shunping Li: Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University

PharmacoEconomics, 2025, vol. 43, issue 2, No 7, 209-221

Abstract: Abstract Objective This study aimed to assess and compare the measurement properties of EQ-5D-Y-3L utilities derived from available countries’ value sets (Chinese, Japanese, Slovenian, German, Spanish, Hungarian, Netherlandish, Belgian, and Indonesian), among Chinese adolescents. Methods From July to September 2021, a large-scale cross-sectional survey was administered across 16 cities in Shandong, China, with the objective of assessing the health status of junior high school students aged 10–18 years. Supported by the educational authorities, quick response (QR) codes and questionnaire links were disseminated to schools. A total of 97,413 junior high school students completed the questionnaire. Agreement, convergent validity, and known-group validity were determined in the nine country-specific value sets. Results The Indonesian value set demonstrated the highest mean health utility score (0.970), followed by the Japanese (0.961), Chinese (0.960), Netherlandish (0.948), Hungarian (0.942), German (0.938), Belgian (0.932), Slovenian (0.926), and Spanish (0.926) value sets, respectively. The utility scores derived from Asian value sets were higher than those from Europe. Good or excellent agreements (intraclass correlation coefficients > 0.7) were found between each paired value set. In Bland-Altman plots, the 95% limits of agreement for any two value sets were 0.046–0.348. A strong relationship (Spearman’s correlation coefficients > 0.99) between any two value sets was found. The EQ-5D-Y-3L utility scores discriminated equally well for the nine value sets across three known groups. The effect size and the relative efficiency statistics showed the Chinese value sets were more sensitive in general. Referring to the Chinese value set, all the relative efficiency values in each value set were similar across three known groups, ranging from 0.9 to 1.0. Conclusions A total of nine country-specific EQ-5D-Y-3L value sets showed an overall high level of agreement, strong correlation, and good known-group validity. However, the utility scores derived from nine EQ-5D-Y-3L value sets were different and the country-specific value sets were not interchangeable.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1007/s40273-024-01451-2

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