Confirmatory factor analysis with missing data in a small sample: cognitive reserve in people with Down Syndrome

Cristina Cañete-Massé (), Maria Carbó-Carreté, María Dolores Figueroa-Jiménez, Guillermo R. Oviedo, Myriam Guerra-Balic, Casimiro Javierre, Maribel Peró-Cebollero and Joan Guàrdia-Olmos
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Cristina Cañete-Massé: Universitat de Barcelona
Maria Carbó-Carreté: University of Barcelona
María Dolores Figueroa-Jiménez: Universidad de Guadalajara
Guillermo R. Oviedo: Universitat Ramon Llull
Myriam Guerra-Balic: Universitat Ramon Llull
Casimiro Javierre: Universitat de Barcelona
Maribel Peró-Cebollero: Universitat de Barcelona
Joan Guàrdia-Olmos: Universitat de Barcelona

Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, 2022, vol. 56, issue 5, No 21, 3363-3377

Abstract: Abstract The presence of missing data and small sample sizes are very common in social and health sciences. Concurrently to present a methodology to solve the small sample size and missing data, we aim to present a definition of Cognitive Reserve for people with Down Syndrome. This population has become an appealing focus to study this concept because of the high incidence of dementia. The accidental sample comprised 35 persons with DS (16–35 years). A total of 12 variables were acquired, four of them had missing data. Two types of multiple imputation were made. Confirmatory factor analysis with Bayesian estimations was performed on the final database with non-informative priors. However, to solve the sample size problem, two additional corrections were made: first, we followed the Jiang and Yuan (2017) schema, and second, we made a Jackknife correlation correction. The estimations of the confirmatory factor analysis, as well as the global fit, are adequate. As an applied perspective, the acceptable fit of our model suggests the possibility of operationalizing the latent factor Cognitive Reserve in a simple way to measure it in the Down Syndrome population.

Keywords: Missing data; Small sample; Bayesian structural equation models; Down syndrome; Cognitive reserve (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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DOI: 10.1007/s11135-021-01264-x

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