Strategic arrivals to a queue with service rate uncertainty

Liron Ravner () and Yutaka Sakuma
Additional contact information
Liron Ravner: University of Amsterdam
Yutaka Sakuma: National Defense Academy of Japan

Queueing Systems: Theory and Applications, 2021, vol. 97, issue 3, No 5, 303-341

Abstract: Abstract We study the problem of strategic choice of arrival time to a single-server queue with opening and closing times when there is uncertainty regarding service speed. A Poisson population of customers choose their arrival time with the goal of minimizing their expected waiting times and are served on a first-come first-served basis. There are two types of customers that differ in their beliefs regarding the service-time distribution. The inconsistent beliefs may arise from randomness in the server state along with noisy signals that customers observe. Customers are aware of the two types of populations with differing beliefs. We characterize the Nash equilibrium dynamics for exponentially distributed service times and show how they substantially differ from the model with homogeneous customers. We further provide an explicit solution for a fluid approximation of the game. For general service-time distributions we provide an algorithm for computing the equilibrium in a discrete-time setting. We find that in equilibrium customers with different beliefs arrive during different (and often disjoint) time intervals. Numerical analysis further shows that the mean waiting time increases with the coefficient of variation of the service time. Furthermore, we present a learning agent-based model (ABM) in which customers make joining decisions based solely on their signals and past experience. We numerically compare the long-term average outcome of the ABM with that of the equilibrium and find that the arrival distributions are quite close if we assume (for the equilibrium solution) that customers are fully rational and have knowledge of the system parameters, while they may greatly differ if customers have limited information or computing abilities.

Keywords: Queueing game; Strategic arrival times; Service rate uncertainty; Agent-based model; Delay estimation and learning; 60K25; 68M20; 91A55; 90B22 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations:

Downloads: (external link)
http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11134-020-09683-7 Abstract (text/html)
Access to the full text of the articles in this series is restricted.

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:spr:queues:v:97:y:2021:i:3:d:10.1007_s11134-020-09683-7

Ordering information: This journal article can be ordered from
http://www.springer.com/journal/11134/

DOI: 10.1007/s11134-020-09683-7

Access Statistics for this article

Queueing Systems: Theory and Applications is currently edited by Sergey Foss

More articles in Queueing Systems: Theory and Applications from Springer
Bibliographic data for series maintained by Sonal Shukla () and Springer Nature Abstracting and Indexing ().