Reduction of the received signal strength variation with distance using averaging over multiple heights and frequencies

Huthaifa Obeidat (), Mohammed Al-Sadoon (), Chemseddine Zebiri (), Omar Obeidat (), Issa Elfergani () and Raed Abd-Alhameed ()
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Huthaifa Obeidat: Jadara University
Mohammed Al-Sadoon: Basrah University College of Science and Technology
Chemseddine Zebiri: University of Ferhat Abbas
Omar Obeidat: Wayne State University
Issa Elfergani: The Instituto de Telecomunicações
Raed Abd-Alhameed: Basrah University College of Science and Technology

Telecommunication Systems: Modelling, Analysis, Design and Management, 2024, vol. 86, issue 1, No 14, 211 pages

Abstract: Abstract As a simple and inexpensive channel characteristic, received signal strength (RSS) finds extensive usage in localization applications. However, the quick changes in signal strength impact the localization precision. By averaging over access points (APs) with multiple frequencies and/or heights, this article suggests a novel approach to lowering RSS fluctuation. Initially focused on the plane-earth loss model, the study was later extended to include a multipath indoor propagation scenario that was simulated. We used ray-tracing software to model the indoor propagation situation. This research takes into account the results of three distinct methods for averaging RSS: height averaging, frequency averaging, and hybrid frequency and height (FH) averaging, which combines the two. We discovered that the Height-only strategy considerably decreased the RSS variation with distance for both settings we looked at. Using the frequency-only method even further reduced the variation. Using the Hybrid FH technique greatly enhances the results. Root mean square error values of 4.427 dB, 3.70 dB, and 3.5 dB, respectively, are provided for the averaging approaches and the ideal scenario in which no variance occurs. Another finding is that averaging with APs that have double the height or frequency will not improve the RSS distance variation.

Keywords: Fast fading; Indoor propagation; Local average RSS; Signal strength; WLAN (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1007/s11235-024-01120-x

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