Water Supply System Performance for Different Pipe Materials Part I: Water Quality Analysis

Silja Tamminen (), Helena Ramos () and Didia Covas ()

Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), 2008, vol. 22, issue 11, 1579-1607

Abstract: The quality of potable water has been a major issue in the water industry for the last few decades. The deterioration of treated water can be due to physical, chemical or microbiological changes that occur in the water during distribution. In addition, pipe material and decay of a disinfectant agent can affect the quality of the water being distributed. In this study the purpose was to simulate the decay of chlorine in two networks, one made of old cast iron (CI) pipes and another of polyethylene (PE) pipes. In addition the performance of the network considering chlorine concentration, velocity, water age, and an intrusion of a contaminant – in this case organic material – into the network was evaluated. The simulations were performed with EPANET software using as the simulation network an example network from the program. It was found that the CI network requires higher initial chlorine concentrations than the PE network to maintain the required minimum chlorine concentration throughout the whole network. To maintain the chlorine concentrations required by WHO (Cl must be greater than 0.2 mg/l and lesser than 0.5 mg/l) re-chlorination stations were necessary to add into both networks. The performance of both networks before re-chlorination was low due to high initial chlorine concentrations, but after the addition of the re-chlorination stations it was 100% throughout the networks. The performance of the velocities was good in both networks. The performance of the water age was dependent mainly on the tank usage, and the performance of contamination by organic material depended on the coefficient that defines the decay rate of the organic material in the bulk phase. Copyright Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2008

Keywords: Water supply systems; Performance evaluation; Water quality; Pipe material (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2008
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Citations: View citations in EconPapers (4)

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DOI: 10.1007/s11269-008-9244-x

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