Evaluating the Performance of Several Data Preprocessing Methods Based on GRU in Forecasting Monthly Runoff Time Series

Wen-chuan Wang (), Yu-jin Du (), Kwok-wing Chau (), Chun-Tian Cheng (), Dong-mei Xu () and Wen-Tao Zhuang ()
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Wen-chuan Wang: North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power
Yu-jin Du: North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power
Kwok-wing Chau: The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Chun-Tian Cheng: Dalian University of Technology
Dong-mei Xu: North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power
Wen-Tao Zhuang: North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power

Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), 2024, vol. 38, issue 9, No 3, 3135-3152

Abstract: Abstract The optimal planning and management of modern water resources depends highly on reliable and accurate runoff forecasting. Data preprocessing technology can provide new possibilities for improving the accuracy of runoff forecasting when basic physical relationships cannot be captured using a single prediction model. Yet, few studies have evaluated the performances of various data preprocessing technologies in predicting monthly runoff time series so far. In order to fill this research gap, this paper investigates the potential of five data preprocessing techniques based on the gated recurrent unit network (GRU) model for monthly runoff prediction, namely variational mode decomposition (VMD), wavelet packet decomposition (WPD), complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise (CEEMDAN), extreme-point symmetric mode decomposition (ESMD), and singular spectrum analysis (SSA). In this study, the original monthly runoff data is first decomposed into a set of subcomponents using five data preprocessing methods; second, each component is predicted by developing an appropriate GRU model; and finally, the forecasting results of different two-stage hybrid models are obtained by aggregating the forecast results of the corresponding subcomponents. Four performance metrics are employed as the evaluation benchmarks. The experimental results from two Hydropower Stations in China show that five data preprocessing techniques can attain satisfying prediction results, while VMD and WPD methods can yield better performance than CEEMDAN, ESMD, and SSA in both training and testing periods in terms of four indexes. Indeed, it is significantly important to carefully determine an appropriate data preprocessing method according to the actual characteristics of the study area.

Keywords: Monthly runoff prediction; Data preprocessing techniques; Gated recurrent unit network; Variational mode decomposition; Wavelet packet decomposition (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1007/s11269-024-03806-y

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