The influence of education on the issue of hybrid threats

Antonín Korauš (), Peter Gallo (), Bohuslava Mihalčová (), Michal Pružinský () and Lucia Kurilovská ()
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Antonín Korauš: Academy of the Police Force in Bratislava, Slovakia
Peter Gallo: University of Prešov, Slovakia
Bohuslava Mihalčová: University of Economics in Bratislava, Slovakia
Michal Pružinský: Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski Krakow University, Poland
Lucia Kurilovská: Comenius University in Bratislava, Slovakia

Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issues, 2023, vol. 11, issue 2, 516-528

Abstract: The contribution is devoted to the issue of hybrid threats in connection with the level of education achieved. Hybrid threats represent coordinated activities by which different interest groups try to influence people in other areas. The research subjects are the respondents divided according to their levels of education. Data for the research were collected through the questionnaire method. The study was based on predetermined hypotheses, subsequently verified by statistical tests. The research was conducted with 157 respondents. The research results reveal that the level of education impacts the knowledge of the concept of hybrid threats. The verified hypothesis confirms this conclusion, the result of which is at the level of value p = 0.0482. The second hypothesis proves the danger of hybrid threats and their relationship with achieved education, calculated at the level of p=0.0334. The research also focused on the area related to information sharing and its subsequent verification. The hypothesis, aimed at verifying information from multiple sources, did not confirm the differences between university-educated respondents and respondents with secondary education. The verified hypothesis represented the value level of p = 0.039. To eliminate hybrid threats, effective and efficient measures would be used to prevent the spread of negative impacts on society. In this context, the hypothesis was established for examining the differences between educational attainment and protection methods against hybrid threats. The result of the verified hypothesis at the level of p = 0.04 confirms the differences between the level of education. It shows that people with higher education consider an effective educational process to protect against misinformation, compared to people with secondary education who favour repressive measures and various forms of control by the government.

Keywords: hybrid threats; education; disinformation; questionary survey; research (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: H55 O35 Z13 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:ssi:jouesi:v:11:y:2023:i:2:p:516-528

DOI: 10.9770/jesi.2023.11.2(34)

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