International trade and the beliefs in hard work

Yoko Asuyama

Applied Economics Letters, 2021, vol. 28, issue 11, 921-925

Abstract: This is the first empirical study to investigate the effects of trade-exposure experiences on people’s beliefs in hard work (BHW). Using a more flexible experience function than that used in previous studies, I find that both earlier and recent experiences have strong effects on BHW. BHW is strengthened by experiences of export exposure and weakened by those of import exposure in low- and middle-income countries. By contrast, import-exposure experiences positively affect BHW in high-income countries. In the US, however, import exposure, particularly from low-income countries, tends to weaken BHW, consistent with the ‘China trade shock’ literature.

Date: 2021
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DOI: 10.1080/13504851.2020.1785618

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