Improving sanitation in informal settlements of East African cities: hybrid of market and state-led approaches

Aime Tsinda, Pamela Abbott, Jonathan Chenoweth, Steve Pedley and Maurice Kwizera

International Journal of Water Resources Development, 2018, vol. 34, issue 2, 229-244

Abstract: This paper analyzes how sanitation can be improved in the informal settlements of East African cities through a hybrid model. Qualitative research was carried out in eight settlements in three cities. Findings show that all cities apply a hybrid model (with some variation) when providing improved sanitation to their residents. Sanitation services were available in all cities, but there was no evidence of the state actively organizing a functioning sanitation market in Kampala or Kisumu. This implies that a hybrid model with a strong and committed developmental state is the right choice in the context of the informal settlements of East African cities.

Date: 2018
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DOI: 10.1080/07900627.2017.1310090

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