Land use planning and safeguarding of mineral resources: the case of Portugal

Jorge M. F. Carvalho, José Vitor Lisboa and Rute Salgueiro

Planning Practice & Research, 2026, vol. 41, issue 4, 1008-1027

Abstract: An analysis of the Portuguese spatial planning policy framework and a sample of municipal master plans reveals that mineral resources are addressed within the context of extractive activities, not as natural resources worthy of safeguarding for extraction when society needs them. The approach to mineral safeguarding involves delimiting areas for the exploitation of geological resources on zoning maps and ensuring the compatibility of uses between agricultural and forestry areas with mineral extraction activities. However, practice shows that this is not adhered to in most master plans, allowing to conclude that the current legislative framework and practice severely restrict access to mineral resources.

Date: 2026
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DOI: 10.1080/02697459.2026.2663314

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