The impact of trade policies on SMEs in Windhoek, Namibia: challenges and opportunities

Tafirenyika Sunde

Development Southern Africa, 2025, vol. 42, issue 3, 463-476

Abstract: This study explores the impact of trade policies on small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Windhoek, Namibia. Despite SMEs’ critical role in Namibia's economy, contributing significantly to employment and GDP, their high failure rates remain problematic. Through a qualitative case study approach involving interviews with SME owners and key stakeholders, this research identifies specific challenges SMEs face due to trade-related procedures, tariffs, import competition, and limited influence on policy formulation. However, significant opportunities such as regional market access through SACU and SADC trade agreements and government-backed export support initiatives also emerged. The findings highlight that SMEs can thrive under appropriate policy frameworks but require tailored interventions, including simplified trade processes, enhanced information access, and strategic governmental support. This research contributes to policy development aimed at empowering SMEs to capitalise on trade opportunities, ensuring their sustainability and competitiveness in regional and global markets.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1080/0376835X.2025.2485931

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