Composite Warfare and Civil War Outcome

Jason Hartwig

Terrorism and Political Violence, 2020, vol. 32, issue 6, 1268-1290

Abstract: Can rebels utilize variation in modes of warfare to overcome long odds and defeat incumbent forces? I find that rebel use of hybrid forms of warfare – the alternating use of conventional and irregular warfare – produce remarkably higher rates of victory over rebellions utilizing only irregular or conventional warfare. I argue that specific structural and organizational conditions enable use of hybrid warfare. Access to sanctuary, centralized command, and social-political cohesion interact with one another to create remarkably flexible and durable rebel organizations capable of absorbing conventional defeats, while using irregular warfare to shape conditions for eventual conventional victory.

Date: 2020
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DOI: 10.1080/09546553.2018.1464444

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