Stepping up to the mark? Firms’ export activity and environmental innovation in 14 European countries

Aoife Hanley and Finn Semrau

Industry and Innovation, 2022, vol. 29, issue 5, 672-700

Abstract: We investigate the ability of exports to trigger the adoption of environmental innovation (EI) in firms, shedding light on the determinants of convergence in environmental standards for Europe’s catch-up economies. To analyse this question empirically, we measure the latter as the 1) probability a firm adopts EI and the 2) breadth of EI adoption in firms. Applying Logit and Poisson pseudo-maximum likelihood estimations to firm-level data for 14 European countries, we find that particularly Eastern European exporters report higher EI adoption propensities, an effect exclusively driven by process-based EI and not observable for product-based EI. Additionally, we reveal that regardless of a firm’s origin, exposure to importing countries with high market-related environmental policy stringency, is linked to the adoption of EI. We conclude that learning-by-exporting, regulation-push and demand-pull mechanisms may help to explain these findings, with foreign markets being characterised by a wider diversity of stakeholder preferences.

Date: 2022
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Working Paper: Stepping up to the mark? Firms' export activity and environmental innovation in 14 European countries (2019)
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DOI: 10.1080/13662716.2021.2021865

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