Promoting clean energy transition and industry emergence: leveraging public funding for the commercialisation of fuel cell technologies

I. Kim Wang and Lihong Qian

Industry and Innovation, 2025, vol. 32, issue 7, 802-827

Abstract: The effectiveness of public funding in promoting clean energy transition through technology innovation and industry emergence is an important issue for policy making. This study examines the role of public funding in commercialising fuel cell technologies by considering different types of partners in publicly funded projects. Our findings, based on data from the U.S. Department of Energy’s hydrogen and fuel cell commercialisation program, suggest that publicly funded projects with non-profit partners have a lower likelihood of commercialisation compared to those with for-profit partners. However, the size of the public grant significantly impacts this trend: projects with non- profit partners are more likely to be commercialised if they receive larger grants, while the opposite is true for projects with for-profit partners. This study advocates for the proficiency of public grant programs with regard to their role in supporting private efforts in commercialising clean energy technologies and fostering industry emergence.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1080/13662716.2024.2427077

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