Irrigation and Intimate Partner Violence in India

Per Fredriksson and Satyendra Kumar Gupta

Journal of Development Studies, 2025, vol. 61, issue 2, 192-209

Abstract: This paper proposes and tests the hypotheses that (i) a legacy of irrigation agriculture is associated with a greater prevalence of intimate partner violence (IPV); and (ii) the presence of loamy soils strengthens this association. The proposed mechanisms are that irrigation agriculture has resulted in a tendency for women to be socially isolated and a cultural acceptance of IPV. We use individual survey data from India and an exogenous measure of historical irrigation. We find empirical support for our hypotheses and proposed mechanisms.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2024.2401424

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