Redesigning logistics systems towards sustainability: the impact of autonomous green-fueled ships

Seyed Parsa Parvasi, Jasmine Siu Lee Lam and Harilaos N. Psaraftis

Maritime Policy & Management, 2026, vol. 53, issue 5, 833-864

Abstract: As concerns over pollutant emissions from the transport sector intensify, exploring more sustainable alternatives has become crucial. This study examines the potential for shifting cargo to a more sustainable logistics system through innovative technology. This research introduces a new logistics system featuring autonomous electric feeder vessels that connect to green-fueled mother vessels. It includes a comprehensive framework to evaluate the sustainability benefits of these innovative technologies compared to existing logistics models. This framework includes key performance indicators (KPIs) for assessing the economic and environmental impacts of the proposed transition. Applying this framework to a case study with real data shows that our approach can reduce pollutant emissions by 55% to 100%, while also lowering energy consumption by 60% to 80%. Additionally, it results in a 40% reduction in operating expenses (OPEX). The study further reveals that the proposed logistics system aligns with the necessary policies supporting the adoption of sustainable transport solutions, consistent with the European Green Deal and other relevant EU transport sustainability policies. Overall, the findings provide valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders in promoting sustainable transport as a critical element.

Date: 2026
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DOI: 10.1080/03088839.2025.2574673

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