Religion, gender norms and fertility in Muslim post-communist economies

Kazuhiro Kumo and Cristiano Perugini

Post-Communist Economies, 2024, vol. 36, issue 8, 1035-1065

Abstract: In this paper, we examine the relationship between religiosity and conservative gender role beliefs, as well as how these beliefs influence fertility decisions. We also test the hypothesis that exposure to gender-progressive political regimes and ideologies can weaken this chain of effects by diminishing either the influence of religion on gender roles or the impact of gender beliefs on fertility. Our empirical analysis is based on World Value Survey (WVS) data for five Ex-USSR Muslim countries compared to seven non-post-Soviet Muslim countries in neighbouring regions. Results indicate that higher religiosity is associated with more traditional gender roles in both groups; however, this link is significantly weaker among individuals from former communist countries who spent their formative years under Soviet rule. Additionally, more conservative gender beliefs do not lead to a higher number of children in Muslim Ex-USSR republics, whereas the opposite is true for the other group of Muslim countries.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1080/14631377.2024.2437734

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