Willingness to pay for improved water supply services in Malawi’s small-scale irrigation schemes

James Tsogolani, Chamuka Dickson Thebulo, Moses M. N. Chitete, Kennedy Machira, Horace Phiri, Charles Jumbe and Innocent Pangapanga-Phiri

Agrekon, 2025, vol. 64, issue 2, 167-182

Abstract: Small-scale irrigation schemes play a pivotal role in enhancing the resilience of smallholder farming systems by shielding agricultural production from climate shocks such as droughts and erratic rainfall. These schemes are potential game changers for Malawi's agriculture sector, which is highly vulnerable to inconsistent rainfall patterns that undermine crop yields and threaten livelihoods. However, the effectiveness and sustainability of irrigation depend heavily on a reliable and well-managed water supply. This paper used data from 352 randomly selected respondents to investigate the factors influencing farmers’ willingness to pay (WTP) for improved water supply services within small-scale irrigation schemes. Based on the stated preference frameworks, the study results show an average annual WTP of USD 1.68 per plot, with significant determinants including age and gender of the household head, distance to water sources, soil and water conservation practices, input credit, and proximity to markets. The findings highlight the need for a differentiated pricing model that considers farmers’ socioeconomic characteristics, such as youth and gender dynamics, experience levels, and resource access. Additionally, targeted training in soil and water conservation practices is essential to maximise the long-term benefits of investments in sustainable irrigation infrastructure.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1080/03031853.2025.2495247

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