Trademarks, patents and the appropriation strategies of incumbents: the scope of new firm formation in European regions

Rene Belderbos, Michał Kazimierczak and Micheline Goedhuys

Regional Studies, 2022, vol. 56, issue 2, 210-226

Abstract: Analysis of the relationship between knowledge spillovers and new firm formation in 980 NUTS-3 regions at the industry level shows that regional knowledge stocks represented by patents positively influence new firm formation, but that knowledge protection and appropriation strategies of incumbents discourage it. Knowledge stocks represented by trademarks translate into higher entry rates in the absence of a pronounced appropriation strategy of incumbents or when entrants do not directly compete with the trademarking incumbents. Our findings highlight the two-sided effects of trademarks: as an indicator of product novelties as well as a potential expression of strengthened incumbent appropriation strategies.

Date: 2022
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DOI: 10.1080/00343404.2021.1947486

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