How a millennium-long interplay of controlling climate factors over Southern Europe (1054–2020 CE) has driven the downward trend in Eastern Po Plain water reserves

Nazzareno Diodato, Fausto Tomei and Gianni Bellocchi

Water International, 2025, vol. 50, issue 6, 560-582

Abstract: Groundwater can unveil climate signals and improve long-term reconstructions, but historical studies often overlook groundwater depth due to lack of data. This study presents the longest annual groundwater depth time series in southern Europe (1054–2020 CE) from a relatively deep aquifer in the Eastern Po Plain, northern Italy. The record links groundwater depth oscillations around its mean value (−147 cm ±19 standard deviation) to Atlantic climate patterns and water balance. A significant downward trend after about 1606 indicates a depletion of regional water reserves and underlines the need to strengthen groundwater management to address potentially worsening drought trends in southern Europe.

Date: 2025
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:taf:rwinxx:v:50:y:2025:i:6:p:560-582

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DOI: 10.1080/02508060.2025.2497216

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