Electromagnetic design of a 220 GHz BWO with experimental study of micro-fabricated folded waveguide structure

Anurag Srivastava, Siva Penmetsa, Latha Christie and K. N. Bhat

Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications, 2019, vol. 33, issue 14, 1860-1873

Abstract: Backward-wave oscillator (BWO) is the most promising source for the generation of a few watts of power at millimetre wave and sub-millimetre wave frequencies. This paper presents the electrical design of a folded waveguide BWO at 220 GHz. The dispersion of the structure was theoretically calculated and further validated by numerical simulation using CST MWS. A minimum output power of 5 W at 220 GHz, was obtained using the particle-in-cell simulation of CST MWS, at the beam voltage of 10 kV and a current of 50 mA. Also, a power of around 1 W is obtained over a band of 4.5 GHz by voltage tuning. The ultra-thick ∼750 µm height Au-structure is fabricated using multi-step photolithography and etching processes while keeping the surface roughness well below the skin depth. The slow wave structure was tested and it was found that the return-loss is in good agreement with the simulation results within ∼5 dB, throughout the 185–260 GHz band.

Date: 2019
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DOI: 10.1080/09205071.2019.1645744

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