A slotted frustum-shaped 4 × 4 MIMO dielectric resonator antenna with enhanced isolation for 5G Wi-Fi applications

Ravi Chandra and Dileep Kumar Upadhyay

Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications, 2024, vol. 38, issue 10, 1121-1146

Abstract: In this paper, a slotted frustum-shaped $ 4\times 4 $ 4×4 multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) is designed and developed for portable 5G Wi-Fi ( $ 5.15{-}5.85\, {\rm GHz} $ 5.15−5.85GHz) applications. The DRA is excited by $ HEM_{11\delta } $ HEM11δ and $ HEM_{21\delta } $ HEM21δ modes. A slotted right-angle frustum-shaped (SRFS) structure of alumina material as a dielectric resonator (DR) is positioned on the ground plane of the FR4 substrate to design a DRA. Based on the designed DRA, a compact ( $ 2.57\, \lambda _g\times 2.57 \,\lambda _g $ 2.57λg×2.57λg, where $ \lambda _g $ λg is guided wavelength and calculated at a lower cut-off frequency, $ 5.0\, {\rm GHz} $ 5.0GHz, for $ \epsilon _f $ ϵf of $ 4.4 $ 4.4) $ 4\times 4 $ 4×4 MIMO antenna with high isolation of greater than $ 27.13\, {\rm dB} $ 27.13dB (from $ 5.0 $ 5.0 to $ 6.1\, {\rm GHz} $ 6.1GHz) and $ 24.3\, {\rm dB} $ 24.3dB (from $ 6.1 $ 6.1 to $ 6.25\, {\rm GHz} $ 6.25GHz) is proposed. The developed MIMO antenna's measured working frequency ranges from $ 5.0 $ 5.0 to $ 6.25\, {\rm GHz} $ 6.25GHz, with an impedance bandwidth, $ BW_i $ BWi of $ 22.22\% $ 22.22%, peak gain, $ G_P $ GP of $ 5.85\, {\rm dBi} $ 5.85dBi and an average peak gain, $ G_{av} $ Gav of $ 5.25\, {\rm dBi} $ 5.25dBi. The calculated MIMO antenna's diversity performance parameters, channel capacity loss $ (C_{CL}^{ij}) $ (CCLij), diversity gain $ (D_G^{ij}) $ (DGij), envelop correlation coefficient $ (E_{CC}^{ij}) $ (ECCij), mean effective gain $ (M_{EG}^i) $ (MEGi), total active reflection coefficient $ (T_{ARC}) $ (TARC), and channel capacity $ (C_C) $ (CC) are obtained as $ { \lt }0.17\, {\rm bits}/{\rm sec}/{\rm Hz} $ 9.99dB, $ { \lt }0.0301 $

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1080/09205071.2024.2359716

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