A compact frequency reconfigurable high gain antenna for 5G millimeter wave communication

Wufu Zhu, Hongmei Mi, Jiabin Yu, Lihua Xiao and Binggang Xiao

Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications, 2025, vol. 39, issue 13, 1588-1599

Abstract: A compact frequency reconfigurable high gain antenna for 5G millimeter wave communication is proposed in this article. The antenna comprises a three-layer structure with two parallel slots and an I-shaped patch on the upper surface. A PIN diode connects the patch to the surface, enabling reconfiguration by toggling its conduction state. Based on a substrate integrated waveguide (SIW), the antenna excites the TE320 mode within its operating band. Switching the diode shifts this mode, achieving frequency reconfiguration without altering the radiation element. Measurements confirm operation in the n257 (24.8–26.2 GHz) and n258 (26.3–27.1 GHz) bands. The antenna achieves a peak gain of 8.83 dBi and radiation efficiency above 74.1%. With compact size, wide bandwidth, and high gain, the design offers a simplified and efficient solution for millimeter wave 5G communication.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1080/09205071.2025.2524396

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