A generalized total-field/scattered-field plane-wave source for FDTD analysis of rough surface

Chao Yang, Zaigao Chen, Xinyang Zhai, Haiyan Xie, Jiannan Chen and Shanshan Liang

Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications, 2025, vol. 39, issue 2, 174-191

Abstract: The conventional total-field/scatter-field (TF/SF) technique is commonly used in electromagnetic scattering simulations, but it has a limitation in that it confines the scatterer within the TF/SF boundary, and thus cannot be employed directly in simulations of infinite rough surfaces. Introducing incident waves accurately and effectively becomes a challenge for the finite-difference time-domain method when dealing with rough surfaces. To address this issue, this paper extends a generalized total-field/scattered-field (G-TF/SF) method that embeds the TF/SF boundary within the convolutional perfectly matched layer to handle three-dimensional (3-D) electromagnetic scattering from rough surfaces. The numerical results demonstrate that the G-TF/SF technique can effectively eliminate the edge effect caused by ground truncation. Moreover, the accuracy of the G-TF/SF method is verified by comparing its simulation results for the flat ground with the theoretical solution. Finally, the G-TF/SF technique is applied to simulate the electromagnetic environment for rough surfaces.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1080/09205071.2024.2441461

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