Why Negotiate When You Can Criminalize? Lessons for Conflict Transformation from Northern Ireland and South Africa

Daniel Kirkpatrick

Studies in Conflict and Terrorism, 2018, vol. 41, issue 8, 619-637

Abstract: Research on negotiating with criminalized actors generally assumes the criminal label as a given, neglecting the significance of criminalization itself. This article addresses this gap arguing that the processes of criminalization and decriminalization embody important incentive structures affecting peace negotiations. Specifically, for conflict transformation to effectively occur, criminalization needs to be orientated away from a criminalization of actors and on to specific acts to legitimize nonviolent political expression and negotiations. These arguments will be advanced through a comparative study of Northern Ireland and South Africa, adopting a conflict transformation framework, and drawing on original interviews and archival material.

Date: 2018
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DOI: 10.1080/1057610X.2017.1338055

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